"Venice, August 20th - Here as a joy-hog: a pleasant change after that pension on the Giudecca two years ago. We went to the Lido this morning, and the Doge's palace looked more beautiful from a speed-boat than it ever did from a gondola. The bathing, on a calm day, must be the worst in Europe: water like hot saliva, cigar ends floating into one's mouth, and shoals of jelly-fish."
Robert Byron, 1933, The Road to Oxiana
I first went to Italy at the age of eight and remember it
vividly. It was my first trip abroad and everything seemed alien and strange to
me. I went with my father, who had been prescribed ‘mountain air’ by his doctor
for a catarrh condition, and so we went to stay in a village in the Alps with
an industrialist friend of his named Tito. I remember there being lots of snow
and a ski lift and I remember almost knocking myself out by walking into a double
glazed door (double glazing having not yet taken off in England). But most of
all I remember staying with Tito’s family and being given a plate of
garlic-fried calf's stomach as a ‘treat’, along with a glass of sheep’s milk
to wash it down. How homesick I felt at that moment.
Thirty-six years later and it’s me bringing my daughters to
see Italy for the first time. Italy, I should point out, is their quarter-country,
as my wife is half-Italian. Visiting her relatives was one of the reasons we
felt it necessary to go there. To achieve this we swapped our house in Cornwall
with an Italian family living just north of Milan. Gone are the days of jetting
off and staying in hotels – this is simply unaffordable to anyone on even a
modest income – so a house swap using sites such as homelink.org is the way to
get a free holiday. The town we found ourselves temporarily living in was
something of a dormitory for that powerhouse of a city, and other than a nice
palace and gardens there was nothing special about it. This suited me fine
because I wanted to get a good look at normal everyday life in Italy, which by
many metrics (not least of which is energy consumption) is in a state of
precipitous decline.
What follows is a snapshot of my impressions.
On our arrival, driving along the motorway corridor between
Milan and Bergamo, I immediately noticed a number of abandoned factories.
“Aha!” I thought “a clear sign of industrial malaise.” But I shouldn’t have
been too quick to jump to conclusions because contrary to my expectations this
was really the only sign of decay I saw in two weeks. Because, on the whole,
the entire northern portion of Italy seems to be extraordinarily well off. The motorways
were packed with shiny new cars, condominiums and office blocks were going up
and record numbers of wealthy tourists and businesspeople were filling the
restaurants in which tables groaned under dishes of the world’s
best foods. Crisis – what crisis?
The first week we stayed close to home, not venturing much
further than the exquisite hilltop city of Bergamo. Despite being loaned a
newish Suzuki SUV we quickly learned that heading out onto the motorways was
asking for trouble. This being August, about half of the population of sixty million were on
their holidays, meaning traffic chaos on the roads. And then there were the
tolls. You pay to drive on motorways in Italy and the toll booths, where you
must stop and hand over cash, cause some truly horrendous traffic jams.
And speaking of driving in Italy … something strange was
going on. I’ve been to Italy enough times to develop a certain fondness for the
devil-may-care attitude of its drivers. There’s a reason the Ferrari was invented
there. But now, all of a sudden, everyone seemed to be driving slowly and
carefully. What was going on?
“Fines,” explained a man who ran a hotel. “There are cameras
everywhere now and you will get a fine if you go even one kilometre per hour
over the limit.” He went on to say that the average Italian now pays the
equivalent of an extra 2% of his income in traffic fines every year. On one
particular stretch of road, he said, the police had lowered the speed limit the
camera was set at, resulting in a five million euro haul in the month of July
alone. “They have no money otherwise,” he explained.
And perhaps that was when I came to realise that the clean
face (northern) Italy was presenting might just be concealing some troubling
secrets. People we spoke to generally had no illusions – which was quite
refreshing to hear after being immersed in the infinite recovery rhetoric of
Britain. “Everything is shit here,” said a lady who owned a café. “People have
no money, they are unemployed, corruption is everywhere and it gets hotter
every year,” she moaned. I looked around at her customers, all of them - like most Italians in general - were smartly-dressed healthy and wealthy looking couples and families enjoying ice
cream and coffee. “Really?” I thought. The woman said she wanted to escape the
‘misery’ and dreamed of moving to Glasgow. Glasgow? “Yes,” she said, she had
seen it on TV. People were not corrupt there and it was not hot.
She had a point about the heat. We arrived just at the tail
end of the worst heat wave in recorded history. With 40C (104F) temperatures
being recorded across the country roads were melting and so too it seems were
some cars.
If the house we had been staying in had not had air conditioning I’m not
entirely sure how I would have coped. Cold beer, ice cream and swimming pools
certainly helped, but the heat at night was paralysing. We could certainly see why the family we had swapped with
were overjoyed to be spending their holiday beneath thick grey British clouds – they
even sent us a picture of themselves ‘rain bathing’.
One morning, hiding with my computer in the basement office to escape the heat, I came
across an
article on Bloomberg Business news that speculated about Milan
pulling away from Rome.
Milan, it
pointed out, was economically muscular, whereas Rome – despite all its
wonderful architecture and the Vatican – was a den of corruption, chronic
unemployment and disintegrating infrastructure. Bloomberg, of course, approved
of Milan’s ‘looking north to Germany’ mentality and the booming nature of its
business.
But I wasn’t much taken with the flat parts of Lombardy, of which Milan
is the capital. Of course, I wouldn’t expect an Italian holidaymaker to be
taken with the area around, say, Birmingham. But Lombardy to me seemed like one
giant printed circuit board of mega-factories, motorways, power lines and
housing developments. Much of it is green, but it is the green of industrially
grown maize planted in neat rows. I didn’t see any forests and – apart from the
churches – hardly any buildings seemed to date from before the twentieth century.
There were not many wildflowers and the garden of the house we stayed in had no
birds whatsoever in it. It is sad and almost spooky to be somewhere with no
birds. People, I noticed, had taken to fixing small plastic and polystyrene
birds to trees and fences as decoration. Some of these had real feathers glued
onto them. This is the price of Bloomberg’s definition of success.
Every evening we watched the national news on the family’s
huge flat-screen television. I have a limited understanding of Italian (I can
just about get the bits that sound like Spanish) so my wife interpreted for me.
There were lots of stories about the extreme weather (baking heat followed by
cataclysmic thunderstorms) but the big news was the arrival of the migrants
from North Africa and the Middle East. Italy, by all accounts, is struggling to
cope not just with the successful ones who have made it, but with the less
successful ones who need to be rescued. Worse still, bodies were beginning to
wash up on the beaches. One news segment showed a dead person lying on the
shoreline surrounded by sunbathing holidaymakers who seemed unbothered by the
presence of the corpse. Of course, it would be grossly unfair to pretend that
everyone felt as unmoved as those people on the beach (and who knows, TV
newsmakers can portray things however they want with the use of clever camera
angles and timing), and most people interviewed expressed horror and despair.
[As an aside, a friend of mine got married in Sicily a
couple of months ago and the wedding reception was continually interrupted by
overhead helicopters coming back from sea with migrants dangling from them.
Some children asked “What is going on?” and the adults comforted them by saying
it was just some swimmers who had got into difficulty. When this carried on for
two full days (Sicilian weddings being long affairs) the children must have
concluded that practically everyone swimming needed rescuing.]
Perhaps because of this, and if one pays much attention to
the writings on the walls, there was much worry about a resurgence of fascism and the security offered by a strong leader.
One aspect of the area in which we were staying that I picked up on was a
latent regard bordering on fondness for the legacy of Mussolini. The grand but
soulless architecture in places like Brescia and Forli (my wife’s family’s home
town, also the birthplace of Mussolini) is described with contempt by foreign
guidebooks, but looked upon more favourably by local tour guides. It is
interesting to note that the area of Lombardy was considered the hotbed of
fascism, and also saw itself as the most forward-looking and industrious part
of the nation.
Mussolini, of course, was eventually caught and killed trying to flee over
Lake Como to Switzerland. We went to Como one day (actually we were only half
an hour away) just to see what all the fuss was about. People will excitedly
tell you that George Clooney lives there, but I can’t report that I saw him. There
are several towns and villages clustered along the Italian side of the lake,
and the hills are liberally endowed with the villas of the
über wealthy. Places around the lake will be
familiar to Star Wars fans as the home of Princess Amidala – and one can’t deny the
starry romance of the setting. But encapsulating beauty within easy
reach of a major industrial city can only mean one thing: high prices. We were
just about able to afford a plate of chips and a glass of Coke before leaving.
This is a place where people dressed in tennis whites drive sports cars and sit in chic cafés checking their
stock portfolios on their iPhones. Many of the small beaches along the shore
were the private enclaves of the grand villas but I found one that was open to
the public. It was a relief here to be able to wade into the water - even if it the experience was akin to swimming in Robert Byron's hot saliva - and swim out for some distance taking care not to end up in the
path of one of the many speedboats – the preferred way of getting around the
lake for its monied residents.
One day we went to Venice. It was a hell of a long day (five
hours of driving each way, much of it stewing in traffic jams of melting cars)
but we wanted our kids to see this fabled city before it sinks beneath the
waves. Of course, Venice is fabulous and there’s no way to adequately convey
this short of actually going there. I had expected a horde of tourists, and I
wasn’t disappointed. This year’s ‘must have’ it seems is the selfie stick. For
those who don’t know what one is, it’s a retractable metal stick that you fix
your smart phone onto, enabling you to make sure there isn’t a photo of a
single architectural gem without your grinning face obscuring most of it. It is
a sight to behold watching hundreds of people walking around and holding these
things - literally filming themselves as they walked. I wondered how many drownings might have occurred as distracted selfie stick
holders blundered into the canals. Future sub-aquatic archaeologists may find skeletal
hands preserved in the sediment, still gripping their vanity sticks.
It’s hard to be in a place like Venice and not marvel at how
much the nature of travel has changed since Robert Byron described it in the
opening quote of this post. Back then it was a pursuit of the rich or the
adventurous, whereas now it just seems to be a pursuit for the ostentatiously
wealthy. The alleys leading off from the square around the Piazza di San Marco
are stuffed with luxury brand outlets. Most tourists seemed to hail from China
or the Middle East, and were dressed to impress with Gucci and Louis Vuitton
accessories. This is quite a change from the last time I was in Venice –
15 years ago to the day – when the stereotypical loud American (Hawaiian shirt, big
camera around neck, crumpled map) was the most obvious visitor, and the thrifty see-the-world
backpacker, sitting on church steps eating a piece of stale bread coming in a close
second. Neither type of tourist megafauna were much in evidence this time around,
perhaps a reflection of how much things have changed in the world since.
Other long distance trips we took included Ravenna – whose
beautiful Byzantine mosaic artworks and easy way of life goes some way to
restoring ones faith in humanity. Driving on the outskirts of the city when we
arrived we found ourselves in the middle of one of the most ferocious storms
I’ve ever witnessed. Like being under a power shower, I could barely see the
road ahead for more than a few yards. Lighting literally crashed around us and
I was quite fearful that we’d go up in a puff of smoke (despite rationalising
that a car acts as a Faraday cage). “Is this normal?” I asked my wife’s uncle.
“No, not normal,” he replied.
Italy does things by extremes. It has the world's most beautiful architecture sitting right alongside the ugliest aspects of modernity. There's the extreme wealth of the north, where the gated stuccoed villas keep out the riff-raff and the motorways are stuffed with BMWs and Range Rovers, and then there's the poverty of the south where mangy dogs snuffle around giant piles of burning trash and those refugees continue to wash up on the rocky shores, day in day out.
Now I’m back here home it’s difficult to reconcile the
prosperous Italy we saw with the knowledge that, like Greece and many others,
the country is facing bankruptcy. You can mask financial and economic stress for only so long before something gives. And when it does come it is hard not to conclude that it will likely
be the office and factory workers of northern Italy who find themselves in
more of a precarious situation than those in the non-industrial south. But
Italy has a long history of trouble and strife, and an economic collapse –
which in any case will be global in scale – will be simply the latest
chapter. But difficult questions remain for Italy, such as from where will it get its future energy supplies, and how does it deal with the increasing
numbers of refugees arriving from destabilised and war-torn areas across the
Med? And with these questions in mind perhaps all that remains is to ponder how
long Italy can carry on living la dolce vita.
